Frame

Name (Russian) Звучать
Description (Russian)
Name (English) Sounds
Description (English) This frame is concerned with the percepts that vibrations which travel through the air or another medium produce in hearing organs. Sounds are a subtype of sensation. In talking about sounds, speakers often provide information about how the sound was produced. A Noisy_event may be mentioned which gives rise to the sound. Alternatively, the sound may be attributed to a Sound_source, which is construed as a point source emitting the sound. A further possible specification of what gives rise to the sound is for speakers to talk about two physical entities coming into contact by motion, resulting in either friction or impact. Although this frame is defined in terms of a phenomenon of objective reality, many instances of the LUs in this frame are metonymic references to purely psychological phenomena due to a strong metaphorical relationship between external and internal reality. Furthermore, many of the LUs in this frame such as chuckle.n or whimper.n require a perceiver's analysis of a sound rather than being purely descriptive.
Markup identifier
Hypernym
Action concepts
Roles in frames
Role Description (Russian) Description (English) Is mandatory Concepts
Sound_source : Источник звука An entity that is construed as a single point source emitting sound.
Component_sound : Компонентный звук The sound percept may be characterized in terms of Component_sounds.
Degree : Мера Expressions that indicate the loudness of the sound.
Explanation : Объяснение This FE idntifies the Explanation that the Sound_source produces the sound. Generally, this is some external stimulus that prompts the Sound_source to make noise.
Ground : Земля An entity construed as stationary on or against which the Theme moves, resulting in either friction or impact. This entity is given less grammatical prominence compared to the Theme and is usually encoded in a spatial prepositional phrase.
Internal_cause : Внутренняя причина The noise-making may be prompted by either some outside phenomenon or occurrence, or by an Internal_cause, that is the mental or emotional state of an animate Sound_source.
Location_of_sound_source : Расположение источника звука The place from which the sound emanates.
Manner : Манера Certain properties of the sound relating to its production, loudness, etc may be of lexicographic interest if they describe properties of a sounds as such: loudly, shrilly, etc.
Noisy_event : Шумовое событие An event during which sound is produced.
Path : Путь The Path along which the sound travels away from the Sound_source.
Theme : Тема One of two entities which is construed as moving relative to the other, resulting in either friction or impact. This entity is given greater syntactic prominence--it is either a possessor or an of-complement of the noun phrase head.
Place : Место The location at which sound is produced. This FE differs from Location_of_sound_source in that it does not highlight the sound's spreading from its source to the perceiver's location, which is usually indicated by the preposition "from".
Themes : Темы Two entities that are both moving against each other, resulting in either friction or impact.